Path length distribution in two-dimensional causal sets

Shortest Path Problem with Gamma Probability Distribution Arc Length

We propose a dynamic program to find the shortest path in a network having gamma probability distributions as arc lengths. Two operators of sum and comparison need to be adapted for the proposed dynamic program. Convolution approach is used to sum two gamma probability distributions being employed in the dynamic program.

Parametric Study of Movement Path in Two-dimensional Wing Flow Separation: Experimental Investigation

The aim of this experimental study is two-dimensional investigation of cargo behavior after separation which is carried out in the subsonic wind tunnel. Given that the real separation occurs in three-dimension, the results of this study may be widely used in numerical aerodynamic studies for verification of new computational methods and they can be used as the reference results in this area. So...

Two Counterexamples in Low-dimensional Length Geometry

One of the key properties of the length of a curve is its lower semicontinuity : if a sequence of curves γi converges to a curve γ, then length(γ) ≤ lim inf length(γi). Here the weakest type of pointwise convergence suffices. There are higher-dimensional analogs of this semicontinuity for Riemannian (and even Finsler) metrics. For instance, the Besicovitch inequality (see, e.g., [1] and [4]) im...

The Causal Structure of Two-Dimensional

The Causal Structure of Two-Dimensional Spacetimes

We investigate the causal structure of (1 + 1)-dimensional spacetimes. For two sets of field equations we show that at least locally any spacetime is a solution for an appropriate choice of the matter fields. For the theories under consideration we investigate how smoothness of their black hole solutions affects time orientation. We show that if an analog to Hawking’s area theorem holds in two ...